Impinging jets
Atomization is the processes of creating small droplets out of a liquid bulk. The increase in surface area is important when the fluid needs to chemically react rapidly with its environment (e.g. combustion of fuel in a car engine). Indeed, the dynamics of “splashing” fluids is not just child’s play.
Two impinging jets of liquid can also create a splash. The interaction of fluid flow and surface tension effects give rise to all kinds of splashing patterns.
In this visualization, the liquid is visualized as a refractive
material with the bwatch ray-tracing code. The image of the
Tokamak reactor is added to add some contrast to the refracted rays.
Bonus: Meshing
Again, I like to point of the beauty of efficient numerical methods by sharing a movie of the same solution data, along side a slide of the octree grid. The maximum resolution corresponds to a mesh.
Bonus: Xiadong Chen et al. (2013)
Xiadong Chen et al. (2013)1 made a special effort to
visualize their simulations of impinging jets. You can see their
excellent movie on impinging-jet dynamics via Youtube here.
This work was the inspiration for the implementation of the
bview ray-tracing code within Basilisk. I have attempted to
recreate their visuals:
Reference
Chen, X., Ma, D., Yang, V., & Popinet, S. (2013). High-fidelity simulations of impinging jet atomization. Atomization and sprays, 23(12).↩︎